Ritalin Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Ritalin, including details on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, prescription, dosage, side-effects.

Lack of association between response of OROS-methylphenidate and norepinephrine transporter (SLC6A2) polymorphism in Korean ADHD.

Lee SH, Kim SW, Lee MG, Yook KH, Greenhill LL, Frandin KN, Hong HJ

Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

This study investigated the relationship between the five common polymorphisms (rs2242446, rs5568, rs5569, rs998424, and rs1616905) in the norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene and the OROS-methylphenidate response in a medication-naïve Korean attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) sample. One hundred thirty-seven patients with ADHD were recruited from the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient units. The trial was an eight-week, open-label study of OROS-methylphenidate monotherapy, and treatment outcomes were measured using the Korean version of the ADHD Rating Scales-IV (K-ARS) for the parents, the Clinician Global Impression Severity Scale (CGI-S) and the Clinician Global Impression Improvement Scale (CGI-I). Associations between the five NET polymorphisms and the drug response were analyzed using genotype and allele frequencies at each locus. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distribution for each NET polymorphism between responders and non-responders (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in change of the K-ARS score, change of CGI-S scores or CGI-I scores at 8 weeks among each genotype and allele of five NET polymorphisms (P>0.05). Although there were no significant positive results, our findings may have several implications and offer direction for future studies.

Published 11 March 2011 in Psychiatry Res, 186(2): 338-44.
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Articles on Ritalin published 24 November 2010:

EEG coherence in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: differences between good and poor responders to methylphenidate.   Psychiatry Res, 180(2): 114-9.

This retrospective study investigated differences in regional derivations of EEG coherence between good and poor responders to methylphenidate (MPH) in children (aged 8-12 years) with the combined type of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Participants included groups of good and poor male MPH responders and an aged-matched group of male controls. An eyes-closed, resting electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from 21 electrode sites. Coherence was calculated from eight ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 15 November 2010:

Occurrence and fate of the human pharmaceutical metabolite ritalinic acid in the aquatic system.   Chemosphere, 81(11): 1416-22.

To investigate the occurrence and fate of ritalinic acid - the main human metabolite of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate - in the aquatic environment, a HPLC-electrospray-MS/MS method for the quantification of ritalinic acid in wastewater, surface water and bank filtrate was developed. Carbamazepine known as very stable in the aquatic environment was analyzed as anthropogenic marker in parallel. Furthermore, the removal of ritalinic acid was studied in a sewage treatment plant using an ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Occurrence and fate of the human pharmaceutical metabolite ritalinic acid in the aquatic system.   Chemosphere, 81(11): 1416-22.

To investigate the occurrence and fate of ritalinic acid - the main human metabolite of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate - in the aquatic environment, a HPLC-electrospray-MS/MS method for the quantification of ritalinic acid in wastewater, surface water and bank filtrate was developed. Carbamazepine known as very stable in the aquatic environment was analyzed as anthropogenic marker in parallel. Furthermore, the removal of ritalinic acid was studied in a sewage treatment plant using an ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 8 October 2010:

Long-term efficacy of methylphenidate in enhancing attention regulation, social skills, and academic abilities of childhood cancer survivors.   J Clin Oncol, 28(29): 4465-72.

PURPOSE: Methylphenidate (MPH) ameliorates attention problems experienced by some cancer survivors in the short term, but its long-term efficacy is unproven. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study investigates the long-term effectiveness of maintenance doses of MPH in survivors of childhood brain tumors (n = 35) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 33) participating in a 12-month MPH trial. Measures of attention (Conners' Continuous Performance Test [CPT], Conners' Rating Scales [CRS]), academic ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 5 October 2010:

Stimulant-responsive and stimulant-refractory aggressive behavior among children with ADHD.   Pediatrics, 126(4): e796-806.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine factors that are associated with aggression that is responsive versus refractory to individualized optimization of stimulant monotherapy among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Children who were aged 6 to 13 years and had ADHD, either oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder, significant aggressive behavior, and a history of insufficient response to stimulants completed an open stimulant ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 22 September 2010:

Oral methylphenidate normalizes cingulate activity in cocaine addiction during a salient cognitive task.   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107(38): 16667-72.

Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) hypoactivations during cognitive demand are a hallmark deficit in drug addiction. Methylphenidate (MPH) normalizes cortical function, enhancing task salience and improving associated cognitive abilities, in other frontal lobe pathologies; however, in clinical trials, MPH did not improve treatment outcome in cocaine addiction. We hypothesized that oral MPH will attenuate ACC hypoactivations and improve associated performance during a salient cognitive task in ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 9 September 2010:

A naturalistic 10-year prospective study of height and weight in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder grown up: sex and treatment effects.   J Pediatr, 157(4): 635-40, 640.e1.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its treatment on growth outcomes in children followed into adulthood. STUDY DESIGN: Two identically designed, longitudinal, case-control studies of males and females with and without ADHD were combined; 124 and 137 control and subjects with ADHD, respectively, provided growth information at the 10- to 11-year follow-up. We used linear growth curve models to estimate the effect of time on change in height and ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Ritalin published 11 August 2010:

Biological markers of the effects of intravenous methylphenidate on improving inhibitory control in cocaine-dependent patients.   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107(32): 14455-9.

Prior research points to the importance of psychostimulants in improving self-control. However, the neural substrates underlying such improvement remain unclear. Here, in a pharmacological functional MRI study of the stop signal task, we show that methylphenidate (as compared with placebo) robustly decreased stop signal reaction time (SSRT), an index of improved control, in cocaine-dependent patients (a population in which inhibitory control is impaired). Methylphenidate-induced decreases in ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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